股东（Stockholder / Shareholder）是股份公司的出资人，又称为投资人。股份公司中持有股份的人，其权利及责任会于公司之章程细则中列明。一般情况下，股东有权出席股东大会并有表决权，公司亦可发行没有投票权之股份予股东，一般称为优先股。也指其他合资经营的工商企业的投资者。而公司的实际经营者，则是由股东会所选出的董事组成董事会，由董事会聘选出经营团队，亦有股东或董事任用自己亲族经营的家族企业。

A shareholder or stockholder is an individual or institution (including a corporation) that legally owns a share of stock in a public or private corporation. Shareholders are the owners of a limited company. They buy shares which represent part ownership of a company.