查尔斯·斯科特·谢灵顿爵士，功绩勋章和大英帝国勋章获得者、皇家学会会长(英语：Sir Charles Scott Sherrington，1857年11月27日－1952年3月4日)，英国神经生理学家、组织学家、细菌学家和病理学家。在生理学和神经系统科学方面有很多贡献。他和埃德加·阿德里安一起由于“关于神经功能方面的发现”而获得1932年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。

Sir Charles Scott Sherrington OMGBEPRS (27 November 1857 – 4 March 1952) was an English neurophysiologist, histologist, bacteriologist, and a pathologist, Nobel laureate and president of the Royal Society in the early 1920s. He received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Edgar Adrian, 1st Baron Adrian, in 1932 for their work on the functions of neurons. Prior to the work of Sherrington and Adrian, it was widely accepted that reflexes occurred as isolated activity within a reflex arc. Sherrington received the prize for showing that reflexes require integrated activation and demonstrated reciprocal innervation of muscles (Sherrington's law). Through his seminal 1906 publication, The Integrative Action of the Nervous System, he had effectively laid to rest the theory that the nervous system, including the brain, can be understood as a single interlinking network. His alternative explanation of synaptic communication between neurons helped shape our understanding of the central nervous system.