Schalkau is a town in the district of Sonneberg, in Thuringia, Germany. It is situated 13 km west of Sonneberg, and 15 km north of Coburg.

Schalkau has two stations, Schalkau and Schalkau Mitte, on the Hinterland Railway (Hinterlandbahn) from Sonneberg Hauptbahnhof to Eisfeld. There is also a regular bus service to Sonneberg. There is one secondary school, educating pupils 11-16 (ordinarily) which falls into the 'Realschule' category. The school is named after the famous German writer, Goethe. There is a post office and a few other facilities.