在数学中，有理同伦论是对拓扑空间的有理同伦型的研究；粗略地说，有理同伦型忽略同伦群的挠。有理同伦论由Dennis Sullivan (1977) 与Daniel Quillen (1969) 首创。

对于单连通空间，有理同伦型等同于一种被称作极小苏利文代数的代数对象（的同构类）；这种代数对象是满足特定条件的有理数域上的可交换微分分次代数。

有理同伦论的标准教材是（Félix，Halperin & Thomas 2001）。

In mathematics, rational homotopy theory is the study of the rational homotopy type of a space, which means roughly that one ignores all torsion in the homotopy groups. It was started by DennisSullivan (1977) and DanielQuillen (1969).

Rational homotopy types of simply connected spaces can be identified with (isomorphism classes of) certain algebraic objects called minimal Sullivan algebras, which are commutative differential graded algebras over the rational numbers satisfying certain conditions.