胚胎植入前遗传筛选(Preimplantation genetic diagnosis) PGD是一种优生学技术，配合试管婴儿使用，该技术能筛查胚胎的潜在疾病基因，将有问题的胚胎提早销毁，只留下无问题的，不但能提高试管婴儿成功率也能让遗传病家庭有生子机会，更进一步能筛检癌症等难治疾病基因达成人口优生化。

该技术1990年代初在英国自然杂志上披露，最初用于性别筛选，最后很快发展为优生疾病筛选，引起部分宗教和科学界争议，目前日本产科妇人科同业公会有做出非法律的行业规范此技术只能用于遗传疾病家庭生育时的筛选，其余多数国家则还没有相关法规。

Pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD or PIGD) refers to genetic profiling of embryos prior to implantation (as a form of embryo profiling), and sometimes even of oocytes prior to fertilization. PGD is considered in a similar fashion to prenatal diagnosis. When used to screen for a specific genetic disease, its main advantage is that it avoids selective pregnancy termination as the method makes it highly likely that the baby will be free of the disease under consideration. PGD thus is an adjunct to assisted reproductive technology, and requires in vitro fertilization (IVF) to obtain oocytes or embryos for evaluation. The term preimplantation genetic screening (PGS) is used to denote procedures that do not look for a specific disease but use PGD techniques to identify embryos at risk. The PGD allows studying the DNA of eggs or embryos to select those that carry certain damaging characteristics. It is useful when there are previous chromosomal or genetic disorders in the family and within the context of in vitro fertilization programs.