斑痣性错构瘤病（Phakomatoses）又称为皮肤神经综合征（neurocutaneous syndromes）是一类涉及到皮肤和眼睛的中枢神经系统先天性遗传病。

发生斑痣性错构瘤病的组织在胚胎时期都起源于外胚层。但在某些情况下，如希佩尔-林道综合征，外胚层的作用很小。

斑痣性错构瘤病的英文名字Phakomatoses来自希腊φακός（phakos、“斑痣”的意思）和表示病变状态后缀词-osis组成，在1920年由荷兰眼科医生扬·范德霍夫（Jan van der Hoeve）首先提出。那时候，研究者并不清楚这类疾病拥有不同的遗传学基础。

Phakomatoses (or neuro-oculo-cutaneous syndromes, neurocutaneous disorders) are multisystem disorders that have characteristic central nervous system, ocular, and cutaneous lesions of variable severity. The skin and the brain have a common ectodermal origin, so there are many genetic and acquired diseases that affect both tissues. However, in some conditions, such as von Hippel-Lindau disease, ectodermal presentation is minimal.