古兽马科（学名Palaeotheres）是一类已灭绝的草食性哺乳动物，与貘及犀牛是近亲，且有可能是马的祖先。牠们分布在北半球，介乎6千万至4千5百万年前。牠们的肩高由20-75厘米。牠们吃软叶、嫩苗、草莓及在地上的叶子。牠们生活在密林之中。

Palaeotheriidae is an extinct family of herbivorous perissodactyl mammals related to tapirs and rhinoceros, and probably ancestral to horses. They ranged across Europe and Asia during the Eocene through Oligocene 55—28 Ma, existing for approximately 27 million years.