冈崎片段（英语：Okazaki fragment）是DNA复制过程中，一段属于不连续合成的延迟股，即相对来说长度较短的DNA片段。名称源自1967年最早发现团队的领导者－日本名古屋大学的冈崎令治与冈崎恒子夫妇的姓氏。其团队在研究大肠杆菌中噬菌体DNA复制情形时发现此现象。

冈崎片段之所以存在，是因为DNA聚合酶无法在样板DNA的5'往3'的方向上合成DNA，因此只能反向合成在样本DNA上产生了许多以5'到3'方向合成的冈崎片段（创建的片段与样本DNA方向相反 故依旧是5'往3'），再由DNA黏合酶将其黏合。在前导链（领先股）上DNA的合成是连续的，在后滞链（延迟股）上则是不连续的。

Okazaki fragments are short, newly synthesized DNA fragments that are formed on the lagging template strand during DNA replication. They are complementary to the lagging template strand, together forming short double-stranded DNA sections. Okazaki fragments are between 1000 and 2000 nucleotides long in Escherichia coli and are approximately 150 nucleotides long in eukaryotes. They are separated by ~§120-nucleotide RNA primers and are unligated until RNA primers are removed, followed by enzyme ligase connecting (ligating) the two Okazaki fragments into one continuous newly synthesized complementary strand.