尼日尔尔河三角洲（Niger Delta）位于尼日尔利亚的尼日尔尔河口，面积70,000平方公里，占全国陆地7.5%，拥有丰富的石油资源，这地区出口石油的外汇收入是全国的75%，3,100万居民主要来自40个种族，使用多达250种方言。

尼日尔利亚其中9个州分位于尼日尔尔河三角洲，可依照地理位置分为三个区域︰

The Niger Delta is the delta of the Niger River sitting directly on the Bight of Biafra side of the Gulf of Guinea on the Atlantic Ocean in Nigeria.

It is a very densely populated region sometimes called the Oil Rivers because it was once a major producer of palm oil. The area was the British Oil Rivers Protectorate from 1885 until 1893, when it was expanded and became the Niger Coast Protectorate. The delta is an oil-rich region, and has been the centre of international controversy over pollution, corruption (notably by the Abacha regime), and human rights violations.