Neodiprion sertifer

Neodiprion sertifer, the European pine sawfly, is a sawfly species in the genus Neodiprion. Although native to Europe, it was accidentally introduced to North America in 1925.

The larvae of Exhyalanthrax afer feed on N. sertifer cocoons.

(+)-Catechin 7-O-β-glucoside, isorhamnetin 3,7,4′-tri-O-β-glucoside, kaempferol 3,7,4′-tri-O-β-glucoside and quercetin 3,7,4′-tri-O-β-glucoside can be isolated from the hemolymph of N. sertifer. None of these compounds is present in the needles of P. sylvestris, therefore, these flavonoid glucosides are produced by the larvae from flavonoid monoglucosides and (+)-catechin obtained from the pine needles.