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词汇 Natural strain
分类 英语词汇 英语翻译词典
释义

Natural strain

中文百科

形变 Deformation (mechanics)

(重定向自Natural strain)
The deformation of a thin straight rod into a closed loop.  The length of the rod remains almost unchanged during the deformation, which indicates that the strain is small. In this particular case of bending, displacements associated with rigid translations and rotations of material elements in the rod are much greater than displacements associated with straining.
Two-dimensional geometric deformation of an infinitesimal material element.
Figure 1. Motion of a continuum body.

在机械工程学里,形变定义为由于外力作用而造成的形状改变,这外力可能是拉力、推力、剪力、弯力或扭力等。形变时常是用应变来描述。

如右图可见,压缩负载造成了圆筒的形变,原本的形状(虚线)已经改变(形变),圆筒的侧面凸出。圆筒虽然没有裂开或败坏,但其强度并不足以在负载下保持形状不变,因此侧面凸涨出来。

形变可能是暂时性的,就像放松的弹簧会回到原来的长度;形变也可能是永久性的,当物体不可逆地弯曲时便为永久形变。若过了一定的限度则不能恢复原状,这样的形变叫做塑性形变,此限度称作弹性限度。

英语百科

Deformation (mechanics) 形变

(重定向自Natural strain)
The deformation of a thin straight rod into a closed loop.  The length of the rod remains almost unchanged during the deformation, which indicates that the strain is small. In this particular case of bending, displacements associated with rigid translations and rotations of material elements in the rod are much greater than displacements associated with straining.
Two-dimensional geometric deformation of an infinitesimal material element.
Figure 1. Motion of a continuum body.

Deformation in continuum mechanics is the transformation of a body from a reference configuration to a current configuration. A configuration is a set containing the positions of all particles of the body.

A deformation may be caused by external loads, body forces (such as gravity or electromagnetic forces), or changes in temperature, moisture content, or chemical reactions, etc.

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