纳电子学（英语：Nanoelectronics）是指纳米技术在电子器件（特别是晶体管等）中应用。虽然“纳米技术”被普遍认为是使用低于100纳米的工艺水平，纳电子学还是经常被用于指代特征尺寸很小的电子器件，在这些器件中，原子间相互作用和粒子的量子力学效应不可忽略。其结果是，当前研究的一些电子器件并没有完全满足纳米技术的定义，不过仍然有许多尖端的器件技术能够达到45纳米、32纳米甚至22纳米工艺水平。

纳电子学有时被视为破坏性创新，这是因为它研究的器件产品于传统的晶体管差异很大。目前一些研究的对象有：混合分子半导体电子学、一维碳纳米管、奈米线以及高级的分子电子学（molecular electronics）。

Nanoelectronics refer to the use of nanotechnology in electronic components. The term covers a diverse set of devices and materials, with the common characteristic that they are so small that inter-atomic interactions and quantum mechanical properties need to be studied extensively. Some of these candidates include: hybrid molecular/semiconductor electronics, one-dimensional nanotubes/nanowires, or advanced molecular electronics. Recent silicon CMOS technology generations, such as the 22 nanometer node, are already within this regime. Nanoelectronics are sometimes considered as disruptive technology because present candidates are significantly different from traditional transistors.