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词汇 Mpemba effect
分类 英语词汇 英语翻译词典
释义

Mpemba effect

原声例句
《卫报》(文章版)

The science of ice is maddening, and features phenomena such as the Mpemba effect, in which hot water appears to freeze faster than cold.

有关冰的科学令人发狂,它具备姆潘巴效应等特征,即热水似乎比冷水更易结冰。

中文百科

姆潘巴现象

姆潘巴现象Mpemba现象)的多种表述:

亚里士多德、弗兰西斯·培根和笛卡尔均曾以不同的方式描述过该现象,但是均未能引起广泛的注意(注意亚里士多德的描述与上述大不相同)。1963年,坦桑尼亚的一位中学生姆潘巴在制作冰淇淋时发现,热牛奶经常比冷牛奶先结冰,1969年,他和丹尼斯·奥斯伯恩博士(Denis G. Osborne)共同撰写了关于此现象的一篇论文,因此该现象便以其名字命名。

液体降温速度的快慢不是由液体的平均温度决定,而是由液体温度梯度决定的,当热的液体冷却时,梯度较大,而且在冻结前的降温过程中,热的液体的温度差一直大于冷的液体的温度差。这种情况是由于上表面的温度愈高,从上表面散发的热量就愈多,因而降温就愈快。

英语百科

Mpemba effect 姆潘巴现象

The Mpemba effect, named after Erasto Mpemba in 1963, is the observation that, in some circumstances, warmer water can freeze faster than colder water. Although there is evidence of the effect, there is disagreement on exactly what the effect is and under what circumstances it occurs. There have been reports of similar phenomena since ancient times, although with insufficient detail for the claims to be replicated. A number of possible explanations for the effect have been proposed. Further investigations will need to decide on a precise definition of "freezing" and control a vast number of starting parameters in order to confirm or explain the effect.

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