食蚊鱼（学名：Gambusia affinis），为辐鳍鱼纲鲤齿目鲤齿亚目花鳉科的初级性淡水鱼或次级性淡水鱼。又称柳条鱼、大肚鱼、山坑鱼、大眼叮当、白头婆及大肚掴等。

本鱼原产美国东南部、墨西哥及古巴，现已引进世界各国。

The western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) is a species of freshwater fish, also known commonly, if ambiguously, as simply mosquitofish or by its generic name, Gambusia, or by the common name gambezi. There is also an eastern mosquitofish (G. holbrooki).