地中海森林、疏林和灌丛（英文：Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub）是属于地中海型气候的生态群系，在此区域中，气候特征为夏季干燥炎热，冬季多雨凉爽。

此生态群系均出现于世界五大地中海型气候地区中，如下：

Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub biome, as defined by the World Wildlife Fund, is characterized by dry summers and rainy winters. Summers are typically hot in low-lying inland locations but can be cool near colder seas. Winters are typically mild to cool in low-lying locations but can be cold in inland and higher locations.