琴脂鲤科为辐鳍鱼纲脂鲤目的其一科。

琴脂鲤科下分3个属，如下：

The Citharinidae, the lutefishes, are a small family of characiform fish. They are freshwater fish native to Africa, and are sufficiently abundant to be significant food fishes.

They are deep-bodied, silvery fish, measuring up to 84 cm (33 in) in length and weighing up to 18 kg (40 lb). They are filter feeders.