低电压差分信号（Low-Voltage Differential Signaling，LVDS）是一种电子信号系统，可满足现今对高性能数据传输应用的需求，同时系统供电电压减低到2伏特，适用于分辨率高于SVGA的TFT LCD显示设备，目前已得到了广泛的应用，甚至可以嵌入到FPGA、ASIC或其他组件身上。

LVDS与USB、1394一样都是差分信号。1995年11月ANSI/TIA/EIA-644规划「Electrical Characteristics of Low Voltage Differential Signaling (LVDS) Interface Circuits.」完成认证。1994年由国家半导体公司引进。LVDS是采用差分的传输方式，电压输出与接收端需要100欧姆的终端阻抗（Terminating Resistor）。LVDS允许采用点对点（Point-to-Point）与分支（Multi-Drop）的连接方式。实现差分信号使用MS（Microstrip）线路或ST（Stripline）线路。

Low-voltage differential signaling, or LVDS, also known as TIA/EIA-644, is a technical standard that specifies electrical characteristics of a differential, serial communications protocol. LVDS operates at low power and can run at very high speeds using inexpensive twisted-pair copper cables. Since LVDS is a physical layer specification only, many data communication standards and applications use it but then add a data link layer as defined in the OSI model on top of it.