低密度脂蛋白受体（Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Receptor），又称LDL受体，为一种膜镶嵌式蛋白质，全长有839个胺基酸（扣掉21胺基酸长的消息肽）。本受体调控低密度脂蛋白（LDL）的胞吞作用。此种受体专门辨认LDL颗粒上的B100脂蛋白，也可辨认乳糜微粒残体及中间密度脂蛋白（IDL，极低密度脂蛋白的残体）上的Apo E。人体LDL受体的基因编码为LDLR基因。属于低密度脂蛋白受体家族。

Michael S. Brown和Joseph L. Goldstein即因发现LDL受体，以及其与胆固醇代谢的关系，而获得1985年诺贝尔生理医学奖。

The Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Receptor is a mosaic protein of 839 amino acids (after removal of 21-amino acid signal peptide) that mediates the endocytosis of cholesterol-rich LDL. It is a cell-surface receptor that recognizes the apoprotein B100, which is embedded in the outer phospholipid layer of LDL particles. The receptor also recognizes the apoE protein found in chylomicron remnants and VLDL remnants (IDL). In humans, the LDL receptor protein is encoded by the LDLR gene. It belongs to the Low density lipoprotein receptor gene family.