日本鳀（学名：Engraulis japonicus，又名鳀，俗名苦蚵仔、鰯仔、片口、鱙仔，又有抽条、离水烂、小银鱼、海蜒等叫法）为辐鳍鱼纲鲱形目鲱亚目鳀科鳀属的其中一种鱼类。

本鱼分布于印度洋非洲东南岸、西太平洋区，包括东至菲律宾、印尼，北达日本、**、以及中国沿海等海域。该物种的模式产地在日本。

Japanese anchovy (Engraulis japonicus) is a schooling fish of the family Engraulidae. It is common in the Pacific Ocean south from the Sea of Okhotsk, widespread in the Sea of Japan, Yellow Sea, and East China Sea, and near the coasts of Japan. They live up to 2–3 years, similar to European anchovy. They spawn from ****** to southern Sakhalin.