I. A. Richards
（重定向自Ivor Armstrong Richards）
![The inventor of Basic English, C.K. Ogden (1889–1957), was the most fruitful collaborator of I.A. Richards.](/Images/godic/202501/21/Charles_Kay_Ogden4942.jpg")
![The poet and literary critic William Empson (1906–84), developed the methodology of New Criticism with the practice of closely reading of literary works, prose and poetry; his best-known work is Seven Types of Ambiguity (1930)](/Images/godic/202501/21/William_Empson4942.jpg")
I. A. Richards (Ivor Armstrong Richards 26 February 1893 – 7 September 1979), was an English Educator, literary critic, and rhetorician whose work contributed to the foundations of the New Criticism. Ivor Armstrong Richards was educated at Clifton College and Magdalene College, Cambridge, where his intellectual talents were developed by the scholar Charles Hickson 'Cabby' Spence.