鬣狗属（学名：Hyaena）是食肉目鬣狗科鬣狗亚科的一属，现存2种，即条纹鬣狗（Hyaena hyaena）和棕鬣狗（Hyaena brunnea），其中棕鬣狗有时也被单独划为一属，即棕鬣狗属（Parahyaena）。

Hyaena is a genus comprising two of the living species of hyenas: the striped hyena (Hyaena hyaena) from western Asia and northern Africa and the brown hyena (Hyaena brunnea) from southern Africa. The brown hyena has sometimes been placed in a separate genus Parahyaena, or even included in the otherwise fossil genus Pachycrocuta, but recent sources have tended to place it in Hyaena. The brown hyena's skull is larger than that of the striped hyena. The male brown hyena is slightly larger than the female, while the sexes of the striped hyena are equally sized. Both species are smaller than the spotted hyena, but larger than the aardwolf. They are predominantly scavengers.