非主流经济学（英语：Heterodox economics），又称异端经济学、非正统经济学，是指采取不同于主流经济学研究方法的经济学学派的概称。

主流经济学，又称正统经济学，是指在英语世界中，具备较大影响力的经济学学派，在各大学中教授。主流经济学使用新古典经济学发展出的数学方法与基本定理来进行研究。

在主流经济学外，还存在着一些不同的经济学思想与传统，它们都被统称为异端经济学。其中包括了制度经济学、演化经济学、后凯恩斯学派、奥地利学派、社会主义经济学、马克思主义经济学、女权主义经济学、生态经济学、资源基础型经济、社会经济学（Socioeconomics）等。

Heterodox economics refers to methodologies or schools of economic thought that are considered outside of "mainstream economics", often represented by expositors as contrasting with or going beyond neoclassical economics. "Heterodox economics" is an umbrella term used to cover various approaches, schools, or traditions. These include socialist, Marxian, institutional, evolutionary, Georgist, Austrian, feminist, social, post-Keynesian (not to be confused with New Keynesian), and ecological economics among others. In the JEL classification codes developed by the Journal of Economic Literature, heterodox economics is in the second of the 19 primary categories at: