梅尔维尔·赫斯科维茨（Melville Jean Herskovits）(1895年－1963年)，美国人类学家，美国学术界非洲人及非洲裔美国人研究的奠基者。他曾师从于人类学家法兰兹·鲍亚士，并因此受到他的影响。

Melville Jean Herskovits (September 10, 1895 – February 25, 1963) was an American anthropologist who firmly established African and African-American studies in American academia. He is known for exploring the cultural continuity from African cultures as expressed in African-American communities. He worked with his wife Frances (Shapiro) Herskovits, also an anthropologist, in the field in South America, the Caribbean and Africa. They jointly wrote several books and monographs together.