Ecological sanitation
（重定向自EcoSan）
![Ecosan concept showing a separation of flow streams, treatment and reuse](/Images/godic/202501/10/Ecosan_smaller2146.jpg")
._Closing_the_loop_on_Sanitation.2146.jpg")
![Ecosan closing the loop poster (in French), by the NGO CREPA in 2005, UDDTs are used in this example](/Images/godic/202501/10/Ecosan_closing_the_loop_poster_by_CREPA2146.jpg")
![Possible technology components for sustainable sanitation, of which ecosan is a sub-set focussing on the reuse possibilities](/Images/godic/202501/10/Possible_technology_components_for_sustainable_sanitation2146.jpg")
Ecological sanitation, commonly abbreviated to ecosan (also spelled eco-san or EcoSan), is an approach which is characterized by a desire to safely "close the loop" (mainly for the nutrients and organic matter) between sanitation and agriculture. Ecosan systems safely recycle excreta resources (plant nutrients and organic matter) to crop production in such a way that the use of non-renewable resources is minimised. When properly designed and operated, ecosan systems can strive to provide a hygienically safe, economical, and closed-loop system to convert human excreta into nutrients to be returned to the soil, and water to be returned to the land.