温泉鱼疗是指将一种能抵受温泉温度的「温泉医生鱼」放养在温泉池中，专门啄食人们身上的死去皮质

用作「温泉医生」的鱼主要是淡红墨头鱼（Garra rufa）和大口小鲤（Cyprinion macrostomus）两种。

温泉鱼疗最早是土耳其人发现的，近年迅速被引进至日本、韩国等地。在中国海南亦有可以鱼疗的温泉。

Garra rufa, also called doctor fish, nibble fish, kangal fish, and bonefish (in New England) is a species of fish that lives and breeds in the pools of some Turkish river systems and hot springs. In modern times, they have been integrated as a spa treatment, where they feed on the skin of patients with psoriasis. While the doctor fish treatment has been found to alleviate the symptoms of psoriasis, the treatment is not curative, and no cure for psoriasis currently exists. The use of the fish as a spa treatment for the wider public is still widely debated on grounds of efficacy and validity.