A work-to-rule is seen as a way to protest against low pay or bad working conditions.大多数的变相怠工都是对低工资或恶劣工作环境的抗议。Because of their work-to-rule, teachers were no longer taking after-school clubs or supervising lunch hours.教师因为正在按章工作，他们不再举行课外俱乐部活动，也不监督午餐时间。