透辉石(Diopside)是中常见的一种辉石，透辉石是一种天然的钙镁硅酸盐，透辉石外观呈灰白色，加热后洁白，是烧制陶瓷的一种原料，透辉石一字源自两个希腊字，分别是「双倍」(Di) 和「影像」(opside)，由于它棱镜的形状使可呈现出双重的影像。

Diopside is a monoclinic pyroxene mineral with composition MgCaSi₂O₆. It forms complete solid solution series with hedenbergite (FeCaSi₂O₆) and augite, and partial solid solutions with orthopyroxene and pigeonite. It forms variably colored, but typically dull green crystals in the monoclinic prismatic class. It has two distinct prismatic cleavages at 87 and 93° typical of the pyroxene series. It has a Mohs hardness of six, a Vickers hardness of 7.7 GPa at a load of 0.98 N, and a specific gravity of 3.25 to 3.55. It is transparent to translucent with indices of refraction of n_α=1.663–1.699, n_β=1.671–1.705, and n_γ=1.693–1.728. The optic angle is 58° to 63°.