甜瓜（学名：Cucumis melo），又名蜜瓜、香瓜，是一种典型的藤蔓类草本植物，最早于4000多年前在波斯和非洲栽培。

甜瓜可略分为东方甜瓜与洋香瓜两大品系。东方甜瓜又可略分为薄皮白色圆形之美浓瓜（var. albida Makino）与厚皮黄色橄榄型之香瓜（var. flava Makino；此即为一般泛称之香瓜）。而洋香瓜一词，在语意上系包含各种光皮甜瓜（var. inodorous Naud.）与网型甜瓜(var. reticulates Naud.）；网纹甜瓜中最著名的有黄橙果肉之哈密瓜（Cantaloupe，或称罗马甜瓜）与绿色果肉之白兰瓜（Honeydew）。

Muskmelon (Cucumis melo) is a species of melon that has been developed into many cultivated varieties. These include smooth-skinned varieties such as honeydew, Crenshaw, and casaba, and different netted cultivars (cantaloupe, Persian melon, and Santa Claus or Christmas melon). The Armenian cucumber is also a variety of muskmelon, but its shape, taste, and culinary uses more closely resemble those of a cucumber. The large number of cultivars in this species approaches that found in wild cabbage, though morphological variation is not as extensive. It is a fruit of a type called pepo.